Minimizing the Risk of Insider Threats and Data Leakage
The Threat Within the Walls
An insider threat is a security risk that originates from within the organization, often involving current or former employees, contractors, or business associates who have access to sensitive information. These threats can be malicious (e.g., selling data) or negligent (e.g., accidental email error).
Key Mitigation Strategies
- **Data Loss Prevention (DLP):** Deploy DLP software to monitor, detect, and block sensitive data from leaving the corporate network via email, cloud uploads, or removable media (USB sticks).
- **Strict Access Control:** Enforce the Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP) and segment networks. A disgruntled employee can only steal data they have access to.
- **Monitoring and Auditing:** Implement logging and monitoring on critical files and servers. Tools should flag suspicious activity, such as an employee downloading the entire client database late at night.
- **Robust Off-Boarding:** As soon as termination is confirmed, access rights must be revoked immediately, systems locked, and all company assets (laptops, phones) recovered before the employee leaves the premises.
Focus on policies and technical controls that prevent data from being copied or transmitted without logging.